{"id":1619,"date":"2017-08-30T16:32:35","date_gmt":"2017-08-30T08:32:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ufqi.com\/blog\/?p=1619"},"modified":"2018-07-18T11:07:12","modified_gmt":"2018-07-18T03:07:12","slug":"recaptcha-based-on-message-digest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ufqi.com\/blog\/recaptcha-based-on-message-digest\/","title":{"rendered":"[\u8f6c]\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e94\u7528\u7814\u7a76"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e94\u7528\u7814\u7a76<\/p>\n<p>An approach to captcha based on message digests<\/p>\n<p>\u5218\u632f\u5174<sup>1\u00a0<\/sup>\/ Liu Zhenxing<\/p>\n<p>\u6458\u8981\uff1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc6\u522b\u673a\u5668\u6216\u771f\u4eba\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff08CAPTCHA\uff09\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u573a\u666f\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u673a\u5236\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u968f\u673a\u5730\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u6bb5\u6d88\u606f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u7ec8\u7aef\u4ee5\u626d\u66f2\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c55\u793a\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u533a\u5206\u7528\u6237\u7ec8\u7aef\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u673a\u5668\u6216\u771f\u4eba\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5e38\u7528\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u673a\u5236\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\uff08\u5355\u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\uff09\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u968f\u673a\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u6210\u672c\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/wadelau.wordpress.com\/2017\/08\/30\/%e8%bd%ac%e4%b8%80%e7%a7%8d%e5%9f%ba%e4%ba%8e%e6%b6%88%e6%81%af%e6%91%98%e8%a6%81%e7%9a%84%e4%ba%ba%e6%9c%ba%e9%aa%8c%e8%af%81%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6\/?preview=true&amp;preview_id=917&amp;preview_nonce=d13a21d5ce&amp;frame-nonce=a1cde74921&amp;iframe=true&amp;revision=6&amp;calypso_token=4296510f-cc1f-46b3-b91c-fa4713ed0064#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\uff0c\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\uff0cCAPTHCHA<\/p>\n<p>Abstract: Applications of telling computers and humans apart (CAPTCHA) have been widely-implemented and deployed in several scenarios on cyberspace. Traditional man-machine verification is to generate a random message stored in server-side, and then send a distorted representation of the message to client-side in order to distinguish the client from the machine or human being. This paper explains the widely-used method in great detail and shows some of its merits and demerits. This paper analyzes the merits and demerits of this commonly-used man-machine verification mechanism, and then presents a new approach to man-machine verification based on message digest (one-way hash). Compared with the traditional method, no additional storage of random messages, in terms of deployment and cost, it has a better performance.<\/p>\n<p>Keywords: Message Digest, Man-machine Verification, Verification Code, CAPTCHA<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u80cc\u666f\u53ca\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u80cc\u666f<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u5728\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u9884\u9632\u5783\u573e\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c\u548c\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u5728\u7ebf\u6295\u7968\u3001\u9884\u9632\u8bcd\u5178\u653b\u51fb\u7b49\u5404\u79cd\u9700\u8981\u963b\u6b62\u673a\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u574f\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff08\u8bc6\u522b\uff09\u4e5f\u5373\u5168\u81ea\u52a8\u533a\u5206\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u56fe\u7075\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff08Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart\uff0cCAPTCHA\uff09\u00a0[1]\u00a0[2]\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4e5f\u88ab\u901a\u4fd7\u5730\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u533a\u5206\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6216\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u516c\u5171\u5168\u81ea\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5728CAPTCHA\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7531\u7528\u6237\u6765\u89e3\u7b54\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u751f\u6210\u5e76\u8bc4\u5224\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u53ea\u6709\u4eba\u7c7b\u624d\u80fd\u89e3\u7b54\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u7b54CAPTCHA\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u56de\u7b54\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684CAPTCHA\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u626d\u66f2\u53d8\u5f62\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u4e0a\u6240\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u626d\u66f2\u53d8\u5f62\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u88ab\u5149\u5b66\u5b57\u5143\u8bc6\u522b\uff08Optical Character Recognition\uff0cOCR\uff09\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u673a\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u8fa8\u8bc6\u56fe\u7247\u4e0a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u800c\u5931\u6548\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u7531\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6765\u8003\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u56fe\u7075\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u90a3\u6837\u7531\u4eba\u7c7b\u6765\u8003\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u6709\u65f6\u79f0CAPTCHA\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53cd\u5411\u201c\u56fe\u7075\u6d4b\u8bd5\u201d\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u65e0\u6cd5\u770b\u5230\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u8eab\u5fc3\u969c\u788d\u8005\uff0c\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u8bed\u97f3\u8bfb\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u7ec8\u7aef\u673a\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u8bed\u97f3\u8fa8\u8bc6\u5206\u6790\u51fa\u58f0\u97f3\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u58f0\u97f3\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u4f34\u6709\u5e72\u6270\u97f3\u4ee5\u52a0\u5927\u673a\u5668\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u751f\u6210\u3001\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u5448\u73b0\u548c\u6821\u9a8c\u3002\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u5b9e\u73b0\u73af\u8282\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u5e76\u5404\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u591a\u6570\u7684\u653b\u9632\u601d\u8def\u96c6\u4e2d\u5bf9\u626d\u66f2\u5c55\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u7834\u89e3\u4e0a\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u4e0a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u90fd\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u5e76\u8d4b\u4e88\u540c\u7b49\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5bf9\u56fe\u5f62\u56fe\u50cf\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u673a\u5668\u8fa8\u8bc6\u8ba8\u8bba\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ca\u73af\u8282\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5206\u6790\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u662f\u540e\u8005\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6839\u636eCAPTCHA\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u7528\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u626d\u66f2\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u5fc5\u987b\u516c\u5f00\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u968f\u673a\uff08\u6216\u4f2a\u968f\u673a\uff09\u751f\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bc1\u660e\u60f3\u7834\u89e3\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u96be\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f9d\u9760\u53d1\u73b0\u539f\u6765\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u8fd9\u79cd\u968f\u673a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u4f2a\u968f\u673a\u00a0[3]\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u4e0e\u7ec8\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09Id\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u6620\u5c04\uff08\u7b97\u6cd5\uff09\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5176\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u7b26\u5408CPATCHA\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u8981\u7834\u89e3\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5c31\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bc6\u56fe\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fa8\u97f3\u7b49\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u591a\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u7834\u89e3\u53ca\u53cd\u7834\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u00a0[4]\u00a0[5]\u00a0[6]\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u751f\u6210\u968f\u673a\u7801\u5e76\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefSession Id\u505a\u914d\u5bf9\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u8fd9\u4e00\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u5728HTTP(S)\u7b49\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u201d\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u4e00\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373Session\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0a\u8ff0\u76ee\u6807\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u65b0\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u751f\u6210Session Id\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u6ca1\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5219\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u7b54\u6848\u914d\u5bf9\uff0c\u5e76\u7ef4\u6301\u5176\u4e0eSession Id\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5f00\u652f\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0eSession\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ef4\u62a4\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5bf9\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u622a\u83b7\u5e76\u91cd\u590d\u5229\u7528\u00a0[7]\u00a0[8]\uff0cSession\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u80fd\u88abFlooding\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9488\u5bf9\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5206\u6790\u548c\u7efc\u5408\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u9700\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7ef4\u6301\u201c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u201d\u72b6\u6001\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\uff08\u5355\u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\uff09\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5176\u8fbe\u5230\u901a\u7528\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f59\u4e0b\u5168\u6587\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u7ae0\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u5217\u4e3e\u548c\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u591a\u6570\u73b0\u884c\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u63d0\u51fa\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e94\u7528\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u7b49\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u8fdb\u884c\u7b80\u8981\u5c0f\u7ed3\u3002<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u53ca\u5e94\u7528<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u673a\u5236<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u73b0\u884c\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u7ec8\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff08\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\uff09\u548cSession\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\uff08\u4f1a\u8bdd\u670d\u52a1\uff09\u3002\u7528\u6237\u7ec8\u7aef\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u53d1\u8d77\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8054\u7cfbSession\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff1bSession\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u751f\u6210\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684Session ID\u3001\u95ee\u9898Q\u548c\u7b54\u6848A\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c06Session ID\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728Session\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06Session ID\u548c\u95ee\u9898Q\u7684\u914d\u5bf9\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff1b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6536\u5230Session ID\u548c\u95ee\u9898Q\u540e\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\u524d\u8f6c\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u6237\u7ec8\u7aef\u6536\u5230Session ID\u548c\u95ee\u9898Q\u540e\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4f5c\u7b54\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u4f5c\u7b54\u540e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c06Session ID\u548c\u7b54\u6848A\u2019\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u9a8c\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u6536\u5230Session ID\u548c\u7b54\u6848A\u2019\u540e\uff0c\u4ee5Session ID\u5411Session\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u67e5\u8be2\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u95ee\u9898Q\u548c\u7b54\u6848A\uff0c\u5728\u83b7\u5f97\u7b54\u6848A\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7b54\u6848A\u2019\u548cSession\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7684\u7b54\u6848A\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u7b54\u6848A\u2019\u4e0eSession\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7b54\u6848A\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5219\u9a8c\u8bc1\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\uff1b\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5219\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0d\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de\u91cd\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u673a\u5236\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff08Figure 1\uff09\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>\u7528\u6237\u7ec8\u7aef<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"107\"><strong>\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"132\"><strong>Session<\/strong><strong>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"107\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"132\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\">\u53d1\u8d77\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bf7\u6c42<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"107\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"132\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"107\">\u4eceSession\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u83b7\u5f97Session ID\u3001\u95ee\u9898Q,<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"132\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"107\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"132\">\u751f\u6210Session ID\uff0c\u95ee\u9898Q\u3001\u7b54\u6848A\uff0c\u4ee5\u961f\u5217\u5f62\u5f0f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\">\u6839\u636e\u95ee\u9898Q\u4f5c\u7b54<\/p>\n<p>\u53d1\u9001\u7b54\u6848A\u2019\u3001Session ID\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u9a8c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"107\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"132\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"107\">\u6839\u636eSession ID\u83b7\u53d6\u95ee\u9898Q\u548c\u7b54\u6848A,<\/p>\n<p>\u68c0\u9a8c\u7b54\u6848A\u2019\u4e0e\u7b54\u6848A<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"132\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"107\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"132\">\u6839\u636eSession ID\u4ece\u4fdd\u5b58\u961f\u5217\u8fd4\u56de\u95ee\u9898Q\u548c\u7b54\u6848A<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\">\u6536\u5230\u68c0\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9 \u6216 \u9519<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"107\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"132\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"107\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"132\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Figure 1 \u4f20\u7edf\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6d41\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c0f\u5fae\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u6216\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u4e2a\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5c06\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u548cSession\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5408\u4e8c\u4e3a\u4e00\uff0c\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7a0d\u5fae\u590d\u6742\u6216\u8005\u5927\u4e2d\u578b\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u5355\u72ec\u7684Session\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\u8fd8\u662f\u5355\u72ec\u90e8\u7f72\uff0cSession\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u89d2\u8272\u6210\u4e3a\u5fc5\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u590d\u5408\u56fe\u5f62\u56fe\u50cf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u524d\u8ff0\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u673a\u5236\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5f71\u54cd\u8f83\u4e3a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6709Google reCAPTCHA\u00a0[3]\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u603b\u516c\u53f812306\u7f51\u7ad9\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\u00a0[10] [11]\u3002<\/p>\n<p>reCAPTCHA\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u96be\u4ee5\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u8fa8\u522b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u53e4\u65e7\u4e66\u7c4d\u4e2d\u96be\u4ee5\u88abOCR\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u8fa8\u522b\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0creCAPTCHA\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u9884\u9632\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u6ce8\u518c\u767b\u5f55\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u8fdb\u884c\u4e66\u7c4d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u6b21reCAPTCHA\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u8ba9\u4eba\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6237\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u96be\u8ba4\u8bcd\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u7b54\u6848\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u7684CAPTCHA \u8bcd\u3002\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5c06\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u8bc6\u522bCAPTCHA\u8bcd\u7684\u7528\u6237\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u5f53CAPTCHA \u8bcd\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u6765\u540e\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u7eaa\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u65e0\u6cd5\u9605\u8bfb\u7684\u8bcd\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u4eba\u5de5\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u5b57\u7b26\u8bc6\u522b\uff08OCR\uff09\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u56fe\u5f62\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u5176\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ecd\u9700\u8981\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684Session\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bc6\u56fe\u80fd\u529b\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u5176\u6539\u8fdb\u7248\u7684\u201cNo CAPTCHA reCAPTCHA\u201d\u5df2\u7ecf\u63a8\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bc6\u56fe\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u603b\u516c\u53f8\u5c06\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u56fe\u793a\u5316\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u52a0\u5927\u4e86\u5bf9\u8bc6\u56fe\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u5728\u5bf9\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\uff0c\u4ecd\u6cbf\u7528\u8f83\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548cSession\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ece\u8003\u5bdf\u8bc6\u522b\u5b57\u7b26\u5230\u8bc6\u522b\u56fe\u50cf\u5e76\u80fd\u591f\u201c\u7406\u89e3\u201d\u56fe\u50cf\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u4f5c\u7b54\u3002<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u3001\u5355\u5411\u54c8\u5e0c<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u201c\u6307\u7eb9\u201d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u6620\u5c04y=f(x)\u00a0[6]\u00a0[7]\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u6839\u636e\u6458\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u63a8\u51fa\u6d88\u606f\u539f\u6587\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5355\u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u65b9\u6cd5<em>MD<\/em>\uff08Message Digest\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662fMD5\uff0cMD6\uff0cSHA1\uff0cSHA128\u7b49\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u8bbe\u82e5m\u4e3a\u6d88\u606f\u539f\u6587\uff0cd\u4e3a\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u610f\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6d88\u606fm\uff0c\u6709\u4e14\u53ea\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684d\u751f\u6210\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u610f\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684d\u65e0\u6cd5\u9006\u5411\u8fd8\u539f\u6d88\u606f\u539f\u6587m\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>d =\u00a0<em>MD<\/em>(m)\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636em\u751f\u6210\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6839\u636ed\u53cd\u5411\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6d88\u606f\u539f\u6587m\u6765\u3002\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u662f\uff0c\u4efb\u610f\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u539f\u6587m\u4e2d\u7684\u6539\u52a8\u5fc5\u5c06\u5f15\u8d77\u5728\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981d\u4e0a\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u505a\u79c1\u5bc6\u6027\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u9274\u6743\uff08CIA\uff09\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u6280\u672f\u624b\u6bb5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u56fe\uff08Figure 2\uff09\u5c55\u793a\u4e00\u79cd\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u00a0[14]\u3002\u5728\u5de6\u4fa7\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\uff08Originator\uff09\u5728\u6d88\u606f\u539f\u6587\u4f7f\u7528\u79c1\u94a5\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u751f\u6210\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u201c\u6458\u8981\u201d\u3002\u6458\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\u8fde\u540c\u5bc6\u6587\u4e00\u8d77\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u53f3\u4fa7\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\uff08Recipient\uff09\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u4f7f\u7528\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u5bf9\u6d88\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u5bc6\uff0c\u63ed\u79d8\u540e\u7684\u539f\u6587\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u79c1\u5bc6\u6027\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u6539\u52a8\u3002\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e00\u201c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u201d\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u9644\u5e26\u5728\u5bc6\u6587\u540e\u9762\u7684\u201c\u6458\u8981\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u6210\u529f\u89e3\u5bc6\u539f\u6587\u540e\uff0c\u6309\u7ea6\u5b9a\u7684\u5355\u5411\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u65b0\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u4e5f\u4e0e\u6240\u9644\u6458\u8981\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u539f\u6587\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-913\" src=\"https:\/\/wadelau.files.wordpress.com\/2017\/08\/message-digest-201708.png?w=640\" alt=\"message.digest.201708\" \/><br \/>Figure 2 \u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u00a0[7]<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u5176\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4e00\u79cd\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5e38\u91cfK\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9884\u8bbe\u79c1\u6709\u5bc6\u94a5\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff0c\u53d8\u91cfU\u4e3a\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u52a8\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982IP\u5730\u5740\u3001\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff08User-Agent\uff09\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>U \u2248 (IP, User-Agent, Time) \uff0c<\/p>\n<p>\u53d8\u91cfR\u4e3a\u4f2a\u968f\u673a\u51fd\u6570<em>RD<\/em>\u6240\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4f2a\u968f\u673a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>R =\u00a0<em>RD<\/em>\u00a0() \uff0c<\/p>\n<p>\u95ee\u9898Q\u901a\u8fc7\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5185\u5bb9\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>Q =\u00a0<em>MD<\/em>(R, U|K) \uff0c<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u8d77\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5c06\u95ee\u9898Q\u626d\u66f2\u3001\u5c01\u88c5\u4e3a\u56fe\u5f62\u56fe\u50cf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\u6216\u56fe\u50cf\u63a8\u7406\u9898\u7b49\u5c55\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u9644\u5e26\u8fd4\u56de\u968f\u673a\u6d88\u606fR\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u6839\u636e\u95ee\u9898Q\u5b8c\u6210\u4f5c\u7b54\uff0c\u5c06\u7b54\u6848A\u8fde\u540c\u968f\u673a\u6d88\u606fR\u4e00\u540c\u53d1\u56de\u81f3\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6839\u636e\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u9a8c\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u505a\u5982\u4e0b\u5224\u65ad\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u52a8\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>U\u2019 \u2248 (IP, User-Agent, Time) \uff0c<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u5df2\u751f\u6210\u7684U\u2019\u3001\u68c0\u9a8c\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u9644\u5e26\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6d88\u606fR\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u79c1\u6709\u5e38\u91cfK\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u53d1\u8d77\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898Q\u2019\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>Q\u2019 =\u00a0<em>MD<\/em>(R, U\u2019|K) \uff0c<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u5728\u53d1\u8d77\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e2d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u89c2\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0cU\u2019\u5e94\u5b8c\u5168\u7b49\u540c\u4e8eU\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u516c\u5f0f\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u65b0\u95ee\u9898Q\u2019 \u5e94\u8be5\u5b8c\u5168\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u539f\u95ee\u9898Q\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7b54\u6848A\u4e0e\u95ee\u9898Q\u2019\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7b54\u6848A\u4e0e\u95ee\u9898Q\u2019\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u7b54\u6848\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6210\u529f\u5b8c\u6210\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u7b54\u6848A\u4e0e\u95ee\u9898Q\u2019\u4e0d\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u7b54\u6848\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u975e\u771f\u4eba\u6216\u8005\u771f\u4eba\u7b54\u9519\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u673a\u5236\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff08Figure 3\uff09\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"165\"><strong>\u7528\u6237\u7ec8\u7aef<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"165\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"165\"><strong>\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"165\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"165\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"165\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"165\">\u53d1\u8d77\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bf7\u6c42<\/td>\n<td width=\"165\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"165\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"165\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"165\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"165\">\u6839\u636eK\u3001U\u751f\u6210R\u3001Q,<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"165\">\u6839\u636e\u95ee\u9898Q\u4f5c\u7b54<\/p>\n<p>\u53d1\u9001\u7b54\u6848A\u3001R\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u9a8c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"165\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"165\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"165\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"165\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"165\">\u6839\u636eK\u3001U\u2019\u3001R\u751f\u6210Q\u2019,<\/p>\n<p>\u68c0\u9a8c\u7b54\u6848A\u4e0e\u95ee\u9898Q\u2019<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"165\">\u6536\u5230\u68c0\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9 \u6216 \u9519<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"165\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"165\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"165\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"165\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"165\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Figure 3 \u57fa\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6d41\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p>\u65b0\u5f0f\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u548c\u901a\u4fe1\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7ec8\u7aef\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0e\u6b64\u524d\u65b9\u6848\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4e0eSession\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981Session\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u627f\u62c5\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u52a8\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6821\u9a8c\u7528\u6237\u7b54\u6848\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5f53\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u540e\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u518d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7ee7\u7eed\u540e\u9762\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u4fdd\u5bc6\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u516c\u5f00\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u524d\u8ff0CAPTCHA\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u5c06\u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u6839\u636e\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u9006\u63a8\u5bfc\u6d88\u606f\u539f\u6587\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u901a\u7528\u7ba1\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff08-gMIS, 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65<sup>100\u00a0<\/sup>= 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start=\"4\">\n<li><strong>\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8ba8\u8bba<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6d41\u7a0b\uff08Figure 1\uff09\u4e0e\u65b0\u5f0f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6d41\u7a0b\uff08Figure 3\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u53d8\u5316\u662fSession\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4e0d\u518d\u53c2\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981Session\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u751f\u6210\u7528\u6237Session 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\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u90e8\u7f72\u4fbf\u6377\u6027\u4e0e\u6210\u672c<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u65e0\u9700Session\u4f1a\u8bdd\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u63a5\u5165\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u6210\u90fd\u4e0a\u9884\u9632\u57fa\u4e8eSession\u7684\u62e6\u622a\u653b\u51fb\u00a0[12]\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u907f\u514dSession\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u4efb\u4e00\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\uff0c\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u88ab\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u8054\u7cfbSession\u8fdb\u884cID\u53ca\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5355\u72ec\u627f\u62c5\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u9002\u5408\u5728\u591a\u70b9\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7684\u524d\u7aef\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u9760\u81ea\u6709\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5b8c\u6210\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5168\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u65b0\u5f0f\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u8fd8\u80fd\u591f\u8282\u7701Session\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u672a\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5360\u7528Session\u670d\u52a1\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7ef4\u62a4\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237Id\u4e0e\u95ee\u9898\u5bf9\u5e94\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u5f00\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684Session Flooding\u653b\u51fb\u00a0[18]\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bc6\u56fe\u80fd\u529b\uff08\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u201c\u667a\u529b\u201d\uff09\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u5c06\u52a0\u5267\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u77db\u76fe\u5347\u7ea7\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u8bc6\u56fe\u80fd\u529b\u8fd9\u4e00\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u5f81\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u673a\u5668\u8bc6\u56fe\u80fd\u529b\u9010\u5e74\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u5728\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u5907\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u8bc6\u56fe\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e13\u95e8\u9886\u57df\u673a\u5668\u7684\u8bc6\u56fe\u80fd\u529b\u5c06\u8d85\u8fc7\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u5c4a\u65f6\uff0c\u5355\u7eaf\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bc6\u56fe\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5c06\u9762\u4e34\u65b0\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u672c\u6587\u6240\u8ba8\u8bba\u8bae\u9898\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5fc5\u5c06\u57fa\u4e8e\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u7c7b\u6240\u7279\u6709\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5f00\u5c55\u65b0\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406\u662f\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u626d\u66f2\u3001\u4e0d\u6613\u6216\u4e0d\u88ab\u673a\u5668\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c55\u73b0\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u5f53\u5176\u7406\u8bba\u6240\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u201c\u56fe\u7075\u6d4b\u8bd5\u201d\u88ab\u673a\u5668\u6240\u653b\u7834\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fd8\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u5bfb\u627e\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u65b0\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong>\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u5148\u540e\u68b3\u7406\u548c\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u56fe\u7075\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u76f8\u5173\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u53d1\u5c55\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u73b0\u5b58\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u9886\u57df\u7814\u7a76\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u7f16\u6392\u548c\u7834\u89e3\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u91cd\u70b9\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9886\u57df\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4f9d\u8d56Session\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u8fd9\u4e00\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5faa\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90e8\u7f72\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u6d41\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u8be5\u673a\u5236\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5145\u5206\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\u6b64\u524d\u4f20\u7edf\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u5bf9\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u65e0\u9700Session\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7ef4\u62a4\u201c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u201d\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e0eHTTP\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u5339\u914d\u8f83\u597d\uff0c\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u6210\u672c\u3001\u6613\u7528\u6027\u548c\u4fbf\u6377\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>References<\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[1]<\/td>\n<td>A. e. a. Turing, \u201cCan automatic calculating machines be said to think?(1952),\u201d B. Jack Copeland, 2004, p. 487.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[2]<\/td>\n<td>M. B. N. H. L. Luis von Ahn, \u201cThe Offical CAPTCHA,\u201d Carnegie Mellon University, 2000. [\u8054\u673a]. Available:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.captcha.net\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/www.captcha.net\/<\/a>. [\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u671f: 03 2017].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[3]<\/td>\n<td>P. C. v. O. S. A. V. Alfred J. Menezes, \u201cPseudorandom Bits and Sequences,\u201d \u51fa\u5904\u00a0<em>Handbook of Applied Cryptography<\/em>, CRC Press, 1996, p. 173.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[4]<\/td>\n<td>M. M. J. M. Elie Bursztein, \u201cText-based CAPTCHA strengths and weaknesses,\u201d \u51fa\u5904\u00a0<em>CCS \u201911 Proceedings of the 18th ACM conference on Computer and communications security<\/em>, Illinois, 2011.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[5]<\/td>\n<td>L. v. A. B. J. H. Langford, \u201cCAPTCHA: Using Hard AI Problems for Security,\u201d \u51fa\u5904\u00a0<em>Advances in Cryptology\u00a0<\/em><em>\u2014 EUROCRYPT 2003<\/em>, Berlin, 2003.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[6]<\/td>\n<td>P. Golle, \u201cMachine learning attacks against the Asirra CAPTCHA,\u201d \u51fa\u5904\u00a0<em>CCS \u201908 Proceedings of the 15th ACM conference on Computer and communications security<\/em>, Virginia, 2008.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[7]<\/td>\n<td>\u674e\u723d, \u201cSession\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u53ca\u5e94\u7528,\u201d\u00a0<em>\u7535\u5b50\u4e16\u754c,\u00a0<\/em>\u5377 2013, \u7f16\u53f7 23, 2013.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[8]<\/td>\n<td>M. W. Y. Y. J. M. J. W. Nikiforakis N., \u201cSessionShield: Lightweight Protection against Session Hijacking,\u201d \u51fa\u5904\u00a0<em>Engineering Secure Software and Systems<\/em>, Berlin, 2011.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[9]<\/td>\n<td>G. Developers, \u201cWhat is reCAPTCHA?,\u201d Google, [\u8054\u673a]. Available:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/developers.google.com\/recaptcha\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/developers.google.com\/recaptcha\/<\/a>. [\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u671f: 03 2017].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[10]<\/td>\n<td>\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u5ba2\u670d\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5fc3, \u201c12306\u767b\u5f55,\u201d \u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u5ba2\u670d\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5fc3, [\u8054\u673a]. Available:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/kyfw.12306.cn\/otn\/login\/init\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/kyfw.12306.cn\/otn\/login\/init<\/a>. [\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u671f: 03 2017].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[11]<\/td>\n<td>J. L. a. J. Z. W. Ritendra Datta, \u201cIMAGINATION: A Robust Image-based CAPTCHA Generation System,\u201d \u51fa\u5904\u00a0<em>Proceedings of the ACM Multimedia Conference<\/em>, Singapore, 2005.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[12]<\/td>\n<td>H. S. L. L. L. Y. Z. K. W. Zhenxing Liu, \u201cA hash-based secure interface on plain connection,\u201d \u51fa\u5904\u00a0<em>Communications and Networking in China (CHINACOM), 2011 6th International ICST Conference on<\/em>, Shanghai, 2011.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[13]<\/td>\n<td>A. Kahate, \u201cDigital Signatures,\u201d \u51fa\u5904\u00a0<em>Cryptography and Network Security<\/em>, New Delhi, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2013, p. 165.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[14]<\/td>\n<td>TechNet, \u201cMessage Digest Functions,\u201d Microsoft, [\u8054\u673a]. Available:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/technet.microsoft.com\/en-us\/library\/cc962033.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/technet.microsoft.com\/en-us\/library\/cc962033.aspx<\/a>. [\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u671f: 03 2017].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[15]<\/td>\n<td>Z. Liu, \u201cgMIS, general Management Information System,\u201d 10 2011. [\u8054\u673a]. Available:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ufqi.com\/dev\/gmis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/ufqi.com\/dev\/gmis\/<\/a>. [\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u671f: 03 2017].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[16]<\/td>\n<td>X. W. a. D. F. a. X. L. a. H. Yu, \u201cCollisions for Hash Functions MD4, MD5, HAVAL-128 and RIPEMD,\u201d\u00a0<em>Cryptology ePrint Archive,\u00a0<\/em>p. 199, 2004.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[17]<\/td>\n<td>E. B. P. K. A. A. Y. M. Marc Stevens, \u201cThe first collision for full SHA-1,\u201d 02 2017. [\u8054\u673a]. Available:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/shattered.it\/static\/shattered.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/shattered.it\/static\/shattered.pdf<\/a>. [\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u671f: 03 2017].<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"1%\">[18]<\/td>\n<td>Z. L. H. C. X. C. Jie Yu, \u201cA Detection and Offense Mechanism to Defend Against Application Layer DDoS Attacks,\u201d \u51fa\u5904\u00a0<em>Networking and Services, 2007. ICNS. Third International Conference<\/em>, Athens, Greece, 2007.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/wadelau.wordpress.com\/2017\/08\/30\/%e8%bd%ac%e4%b8%80%e7%a7%8d%e5%9f%ba%e4%ba%8e%e6%b6%88%e6%81%af%e6%91%98%e8%a6%81%e7%9a%84%e4%ba%ba%e6%9c%ba%e9%aa%8c%e8%af%81%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6\/?preview=true&amp;preview_id=917&amp;preview_nonce=d13a21d5ce&amp;frame-nonce=a1cde74921&amp;iframe=true&amp;revision=6&amp;calypso_token=4296510f-cc1f-46b3-b91c-fa4713ed0064#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a>\u00a0\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a\u5218\u632f\u5174\uff0c\u539f\u4eba\u6c11\u7f51\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u5458\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u5305\u62ec\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u540e\u53f0\u652f\u6491\u6280\u672f\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u5728Journal of Cloud Computing\u3001IEEE Conferences\u3001\u300a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u4f1a\u901a\u8baf\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5929\u5730\u300b\u7b49\u520a\u7269\u53d1\u8868\u591a\u7bc7\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u662fBase62x\u3001NatureDNS\u3001GWA2\u3001gMIS\u548cGTAjax\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u539f\u6587\u520a\u767b\u4e8e&lt;&lt;\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528&gt;&gt;, 2017\u5e747\u6708\u53f7.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u6458\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u673a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e94\u7528\u7814\u7a76 An approach to captcha &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/ufqi.com\/blog\/recaptcha-based-on-message-digest\/\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[41,6,2],"tags":[20,207,168,206,208],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ufqi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1619"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ufqi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ufqi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ufqi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ufqi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1619"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ufqi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1619\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1620,"href":"https:\/\/ufqi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1619\/revisions\/1620"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ufqi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1619"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ufqi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1619"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ufqi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1619"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}